Introduction
OP Labs, the developer of the Optimism network, has launched a testnet version of its fault-proof system. This move is part of the company's efforts to create a more decentralized and efficient Superchain. The new system has been deployed to the Optimism Goerli network.
The Risk of Centralization
Currently, OP Stack-based networks rely on centralized sequencers to bundle and submit transactions to Ethereum. However, users cannot block the sequencer if it submits incorrect data, which leaves room for fraudulent transactions to be confirmed. L2Beat has warned about this risk, stating that users must trust the block Proposer to submit correct L1 state roots.
The Importance of Decentralization
Optimism and Base are optimistic rollups that depend on Ethereum for security. Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has emphasized the importance of allowing users to submit fraud proofs to prevent fraudulent withdrawals. Without this feature, these networks cannot be considered truly decentralized. Buterin has also urged rollups to work towards decentralization, even if they start with temporary centralization.
The Fault-Proof System
OP Labs claims that the new fault-proof system will help achieve the goal of decentralization for OP Stack networks. It is designed to enable secure bridging without the need for central fallback. The system is modular and consists of a fault-proof program (FPP), a fault-proof virtual machine (FPVM), and a "dispute game protocol." This modularity allows each network to develop its own system for preventing fraud and creates more diversity within the Optimism Superchain.
Increased Security and Customizability
The implementation of the fault-proof system is expected to enhance the security of the entire Optimism ecosystem. Each network within the Superchain can now custom-build its own fault-proof system using these separate components. This opens up the possibility for networks to utilize zero-knowledge proofs (ZK-proofs) as a type of fraud-proof, a feature not commonly found in Optimistic rollups.
Towards a Superchain
OP Labs has been working on building an interconnected web of blockchain networks called the "Superchain." The OP Stack, a set of software tools, allows users to create custom blockchain networks. Other projects, such as Avail and Polygon, are also competing in the Superchain space, offering alternative solutions for interconnected blockchain networks.
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