IBM Quantum and Microsoft Form Coalition to Tackle Post-Quantum Cryptography

IBM Quantum and Microsoft have joined forces with other industry leaders to address the potential threat posed by quantum computers in the field of cryptography. This coalition, which includes MITRE, PQShield, SandboxAQ, and the University of Waterloo, aims to develop strategies for post-quantum cryptography (PQC).

The Challenge of Quantum Computers

Unlike traditional computers, quantum computers have the potential to crack encryption schemes that are currently considered secure. Existing cryptography methods rely on complex mathematical problems that are difficult for classical computers to solve, making decryption nearly impossible.

However, with enough hardware and computing power, a quantum computer could break these encryption schemes within a matter of weeks or even days. This poses a significant threat to technologies such as blockchain and cryptocurrency, which rely heavily on cryptographic algorithms.

Preparing for a Post-Quantum Future

In order to address this challenge, the coalition plans to develop standards and algorithms for post-quantum encryption. This includes creating secure and efficient implementations of these algorithms, as well as integrating them into existing cryptographic libraries and protocols.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has already chosen four proposed post-quantum encryption algorithms as candidates for a PQC-safe encryption standard. Three of these algorithms have been accepted for standardization, with the fourth expected to follow suit in 2024.

Protecting Key Institutions

Once the encryption algorithms are standardized, the coalition will work towards transitioning key institutions, such as government bodies, banks, telecommunications companies, and transportation services, to post-quantum encryption. This will ensure the security of sensitive data and protect against potential decryption attacks from future quantum computers.

With the combined expertise and experience of its members, the IBM Quantum-Microsoft coalition is poised to make significant advancements in post-quantum cryptography and safeguard the digital landscape for years to come.